Comparison of Some Nutrient Content of Sport Lawn under the Influence of Fertilizer and Seasons
Keywords:
Lawn, Bed, Minerals, UptakeAbstract
Quantity, characteristics and composition of organic matter widely vary by changing seasons and geographical conditions. On the other hand when soil conditioning due to poor drainage limits then decomposition of organic matter by soil microorganisms highly reduces. Soil and plant testing is one of the best management methods in measuring these changes. In this study, the effect of seven types of organic fertilizer including Leaf Mold (LM), Rice Husk (RH), manure, Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC), a mixture of LM, RH and manure (mixture 1), a mixture of LM, RH and SMC (mixture 2) with the ratio of 1:1:1 and control (no fertilizer) at three levels of compaction including roller weighted at 36, 56 and 76 kilograms on some nutrient content of sport lawn were investigated in different seasons. An experiment was conducted as a strip plot design in three replications, in research farm of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources during 2008-9. With the comparison of the total mean of leaf nitrogen and potassium in different seasons, the highest and the lowest absorption rate of these elements was observed in the fall and summer respectively. Moreover, statistical analysis indicated higher concentration of phosphorus in spring and summer than fall and winter.
Downloads
References
Abdollahi, K. (2004). Effect of organic matters of the Sar Sari Abbandan marsh on soil physicochemical properties and the possibility of its application in pot cultures. M.Sc. Thesis, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran. (In Farsi).
Akef, M. & Bagheri, I. (1999). Soil Management and the effects of agricultural machinery on soil physical properties. Guilan University Publication, pp. 305. (In Farsi).
Aliehyaei, M. & Behbahanizadeh, A.A. (1993). Description of soil chemical analysis methods. Soil and Water Research Institute, Technical publication No. 893, Tehran, Iran.
Bell, G.E., Howell, B.M., Johnson, G.V., Raun, W.R., Solie, J.B. & Stone, M.L. (2004). Optical Sensing of Turfgrass Chlorophyll Content and Tissue Nitrogen. HortScience, 39(5): 1130–1132. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.39.5.1130.
Carey, K. (1997). Performance of Ecoval Products on "Penncross" Creeping Bentgrass USGA Putting Greens: 1997 Trial / 1997 Results. 1997 Annual Research Report - Volume 11, Guelph Turfgrass Institute, pp. 48-56.
Cooper, R.J., Liu, C. & Fisher, D.S. (1998). Influence of Humic Substances on Rooting and Nutrient Content of Creeping Bentgrass. Crop Sci., 38(6): 1639–1644. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800060037x.
Emami, A. (1996). Methods of plant analysis. Soil and Water Research Institute, Technical publication No. 982, Tehran, Iran, pp. 128. (In Farsi).
Fallahian, A. (2006). Technology, construction and lawn maintenance. Jahad-Daneshgahi Mashhad Press. (In Farsi).
Forghani, A. & Kalbasi, M. (1994). Factors affecting on capability of phosphorus and residual phosphorus absorption in some major soils of Isfahan province. In Proceeding of the 4th Iranian soil sciences congress, Isfahan University of technology, Iran, Isfahan. (In Farsi).
Haghnia, G.H. (1995). Water penetration problems in soil. Ferdosi University of Meshhad Publication No. 183.
Bunt, A.C. (1988). Media and mixes for container-grown plants: A manual on the preparation and use of growing pot plants. 2nd Ed., Unwin Hyman Ltd., London, UK.
Hummel, N.W. & Waddington, D.V. (1981). Evaluation of Slow-Release Nitrogen Sources on Baron Kentucky Bluegrass. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 45(5): 966–970. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1981.03615995004500050030x.
Kabirinezhad, S.H., Abtahi, A. & Hodgi, M. (2009). The effect of increasing phosphorous in calcareous soil treated with municipal sewage sludge on growth and yield of corn. In Proceeding of the 11th Iranian soil sciences congress, 12-15 Jul., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran, Gorgan, pp. 287. (In Farsi).
Kafi, M. & Kaviani, S.H. (2002). Establishment management and turf maintenance. Cultural & Artistic Institution Shaghayegh Rusta, pp. 230. (In Farsi).
Keshavarz, P. & Delavari, M. (2009). Short-term effects of compost and cow manure consumption in two types of soil on yield and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium uptake in corn plant. In Proceeding of the 11th Iranian soil sciences congress, 12-15 Jul., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran, Gorgan, pp. 288. (In Farsi).
Koocheki, A. & Khalghani, J. (1998). Sustainable agriculture in temperate zones. Ferdowsi university of Mashhad press, Mashhad.
Lettner, G., Berg, J. & Chisholm, A. (1997). Nitrogen fertility trial on Penncross creeping bentgrass greens. 1997 Annual Report from the Prairie Turfgrass Research Center, Alberta.
Mahmoodi, Sh. & Hakimian, M. (2005). Principle of Soil Science. Tehran University press, Tehran.
Malakouti, M.J. & Riazi Hamedani, S.A.H. (1991). Soil Fertility and Fertilizers. University of Tehran press, Tehran, Iran.
Malakouti, M.J. (1999). Sustainable Agriculture and Yield Increase through Optimization of Fertilizer Usage in Iran. 2nd ed., Agricultural Education Publication, Tibriz, Iran. (In Farsi).
Malakouti, M.J. & Homaee, M. (2004). Soil fertility in arid and semi-arid regions “Problems and Solutions”. Tarbiat Modares University Press, Iran.
Marschner, H. (1995). Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 2nd ed., Academic Press, London, pp. 889. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-473542-2.X5000-7.
Naderi, R. (2005). Lawns nutritional needs. Floriculture, lawn and landscape engineering. (In Farsi).
Naderi, R. & Kafi, M. (2005). Lawns (How to plant and care for healthy carpet of green). Nedaye Zoha Press. (In Farsi).
Naghizade Asl, Z., Dordipoor, E., Gholizadeh, A. & Kiani, F. (2009). Evaluation of relationship between plant available phosphorus and some soil properties in south of Gorgan River soils. In Proceeding of the 11th Iranian soil sciences congress, 12-15 Jul., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran, Gorgan, pp. 322. (In Farsi).
Nourbakhsh, F. (2004). Potential of organic fertilizer use in landscape. Sabzineh Analytical Research Newspaper. Fourth year, Number 4. (In Farsi).
Nourbakhsh, F. & Karimian Eghbal, M. (1997). Soil Fertility. Entesharat Ghazal, Isfahan, pp. 312. (In Farsi).
Nus, J. (1994). Setting an even pace: Slowly available nitrogen fertilizers: New methods of coating fertilizers allow superintendents an even broader choice of proven performers. Golf Course Manage., 62: 60-74.
Rahimi, A.R. (2008). Effect of Salicylic acid, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Magnesium, Zinc, Boron, Molybdenum and Iron on growth, yield, yield components, essence and linalool in Coriander. M.Sc. Thesis, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran. (In Farsi).
Salardini, A.A. (1995). Soil fertility. Soil Fertility. Tehran University Press, Tehran, Iran.
Samar, S.M. & Malakouti, M.J. (1998). Effect of Sulfur, ferrous sulfate and manure and methods of application on soil extractable Iron. Soil and Water J., 12(5): 55-61.
Sartain, J.B. (1985). Effect of Acidity and N Source on the Growth and Thatch Accumulation of Tifgreen Bermudagrass and on Soil Nutrient Retention. Agron. J., 77(1): 33–36. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1985.00021962007700010009x.
Soltani, A. (2007). Application of SAS in statistical analysis. Jahad Daneshgahi Mashhad Press, Mashhad, Iran.
Rao, Ch.S., Rao, A.S. & Rupa, T.R. (2000). Plant mobilization of soil reserve potassium from fifteen smectitic soils in relation to soil test potassium and mineralogy. Soil Sci., 165(7): 578–586. https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200007000-00006.
Trenholm, L.E., Carrow, R.N. & Duncan, R.R. (2000). Mechanisms of Wear Tolerance in Seashore Paspalum and Bermudagrass. Crop Sci., 40(5): 1350–1357. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2000.4051350x.
Wright, A.L., Provin, T.L., Hons, F.M., Zuberer, D.A. & White, R.H. (2008). Compost impacts on dissolved organic carbon and available nitrogen and phosphorus in turfgrass soil. Waste Manag., 28(6): 1057–1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.04.003.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2011 The author(s) retains the copyright of this article.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
