A retrospective study of Malaria and its effect on Hematological indices in a hospital in Jizan, Saudi Arabia

Authors

  • Mohammed H. Otainy Samtah General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jizan, Saudi Arabia.
  • Mohannad A. Ka'abi Sabia General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jizan, Saudi Arabia.
  • Tariq S. Alamoudi Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
  • Ghadeer H. Zakai Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box-80200, Jeddah-21589, Saudi Arabia.
  • Haytham A. Zakai Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box-80324, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Keywords:

Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Saudi, Jizan

Abstract

Malaria is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality with a major public health importance. Nearly half of the world population is at risk of malaria. In Saudi Arabia, a series of malaria outbreaks occurred in Jizan area and vigorous action was taken by the Saudi Ministry of Health to control malaria in this area. This study aimed at investigating the incidence of malaria Jizan area in 2014 and the effect of malarial infection on several hematological indices. Data were retrospectively collected for the year 2014 from Samtah General Hospital for all malaria positive cases. A total of 44 patients results were obtained for those who were diagnosed as positive for malaria together with their hematological indices and demographic data. A total of 3674 cases were suspected of malaria and only 44 cases were positive. The highest peaks of malaria cases were seen during the months of March and December. A statistically significant reduction in the WBC and Platelet count was observed in malaria positive cases. This study suggests that the malaria control in Jizan area be continued. Providing highly qualified lab personnel and microscopist in the area is very beneficial in order to achieve the malaria eradication goal.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Simon, C., Moakofhi, K., Mosweunyane, T., Jibril, H.B., Nkomo, B., Motlaleng, M., Ntebela, D.S., Chanda, E. & Haque, U. (2013). Malaria control in Botswana, 2008-2012: the path towards elimination. Malar. J., 12: 458. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-12-458.

Cox, D. & McConkey, S. (2010). The role of platelets in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 67(4): 557–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-009-0211-3.

Dhimal, M., Ahrens, B. & Kuch, U. (2014). Malaria control in Nepal 1963-2012: challenges on the path towards elimination. Malar. J., 13: 241. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-241.

WHO (2014). World Malaria Report 2014. Global Malaria Programme, World Health Organization. Retrieved on April 2015 from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241564830.

Haque, U., Soares Magalhães, R.J., Mitra, D., Kolivras, K.N., Schmidt, W.P., Haque, R. & Glass, G.E. (2011). The role of age, ethnicity and environmental factors in modulating malaria risk in Rajasthali, Bangladesh. Malar. J., 10: 367. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-367.

Feachem, R. & Sabot, O. (2008). A new global malaria eradication strategy. Lancet, 371(9624): 1633–1635. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60424-9.

Tanner, M. & Hommel, M. (2010). Towards malaria elimination - a new thematic series. Malar. J., 9: 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-24.

Reid, H., Haque, U., Clements, A.C., Tatem, A.J., Vallely, A., Ahmed, S.M., Islam, A. & Haque, R. (2010). Mapping malaria risk in Bangladesh using Bayesian geostatistical models. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 83(4): 861–867. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0154.

Bolzoni, L., Real, L. & De Leo, G. (2007). Transmission Heterogeneity and Control Strategies for Infectious Disease Emergence. PLoS One, 2(8): e747. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000747.

Ceesay, S.J., Casals-Pascual, C., Erskine, J., Anya, S.E., Duah, N.O., Fulford, A.J., Sesay, S.S., Abubakar, I., Dunyo, S., Sey, O., Palmer, A., Fofana, M., Corrah, T., Bojang, K.A., Whittle, H.C., Greenwood, B.M. & Conway, D.J. (2008). Changes in malaria indices between 1999 and 2007 in The Gambia: a retrospective analysis. Lancet, 372(9649): 1545–1554. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61654-2.

Karema, C., Aregawi, M.W., Rukundo, A., Kabayiza, A., Mulindahabi, M., Fall, I.S., Gausi, K., Williams, R.O., Lynch, M., Cibulskis, R., Fidele, N., Nyemazi, J.P., Ngamije, D., Umulisa, I., Newman, R. & Binagwaho, A. (2012). Trends in malaria cases, hospital admissions and deaths following scale-up of anti-malarial interventions, 2000-2010, Rwanda. Malar. J., 11: 236. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-236.

Coleman, M., Al-Zahrani, M.H., Coleman, M., Hemingway, J., Omar, A., Stanton, M.C., Thomsen, E.K., Alsheikh, A.A., Alhakeem, R.F., McCall, P.J., Al Rabeeah, A.A. & Memish, Z.A. (2014). A country on the verge of malaria elimination--the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. PloS One, 9(9): e105980. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105980.

Ghalib, H.W., Al-Ghamdi, S., Akood, M., Haridi, A.E., Ageel, A.A. & Abdalla, R.E. (2001). Therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine against uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria in south-western Saudi Arabia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol., 95(8): 773–779. https://doi.org/10.1080/0003498012011127.

Health Statistical Year Book (2013). Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

Health Statistical Year Book (2012). Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

Health Statistical Year Book (2011). Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

Health Statistical Year Book (2010). Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

Health Statistical Year Book (2009). Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

Health Statistical Year Book (2008). Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

Health Statistical Year Book (2007). Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

Daggy, R.H. (1959). Malaria in oases of Eastern Saudi Arabia. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 8(2 Pt 2): 223–291. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1959.8.223.

Coelho, H.C., Lopes, S.C., Pimentel, J.P., Nogueira, P.A., Costa, F.T., Siqueira, A.M., Melo, G.C., Monteiro, W.M., Malheiro, A. & Lacerda, M.V. (2013). Thrombocytopenia in Plasmodium vivax malaria is related to platelets phagocytosis. PloS One, 8(5): e63410. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063410.

Maina, R.N., Walsh, D., Gaddy, C., Hongo, G., Waitumbi, J., Otieno, L., Jones, D. & Ogutu, B.R. (2010). Impact of Plasmodium falciparum infection on haematological parameters in children living in Western Kenya. Malar. J., 9(Suppl 3): S4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-S3-S4.

Senn, N., Maraga, S., Sie, A., Rogerson, S.J., Reeder, J.C., Siba, P. & Mueller, I. (2010). Population hemoglobin mean and anemia prevalence in Papua New Guinea: new metrics for defining malaria endemicity? PloS One, 5(2): e9375. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009375.

Ladhani, S., Lowe, B., Cole, A.O., Kowuondo, K. & Newton, C.R. (2002). Changes in white blood cells and platelets in children with falciparum malaria: relationship to disease outcome. Br. J. Haematol., 119(3): 839–847. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03904.x.

Arshad, A.R. (2015). Thrombocytopenia in malaria: can platelet counts differentiate malaria from other infections? J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak., 25(1): 31–34.

Taylor, W.R., Widjaja, H., Basri, H., Ohrt, C., Taufik, T., Tjitra, E., Baso, S., Fryauff, D., Hoffman, S.L. & Richie, T.L. (2008). Changes in the total leukocyte and platelet counts in Papuan and non Papuan adults from northeast Papua infected with acute Plasmodium vivax or uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malar. J., 7: 259. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-259.

Downloads

Abstract views: 24 / PDF downloads: 15

Published

2015-07-01

How to Cite

Otainy, M. H., Ka’abi, M. A., Alamoudi, T. S., Zakai, G. H., & Zakai, H. A. (2015). A retrospective study of Malaria and its effect on Hematological indices in a hospital in Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Advances in BioScience, 6(3), 72–75. Retrieved from https://journals.sospublication.co.in/ab/article/view/188

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)